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Snakes in North Dakota

North Dakota has 8 snake species on record, each with at least 10 GBIF records in the state, and 216 licensed records in all. The most recorded are the plains garter snake, the gopher snake and the prairie rattlesnake. One of them is venomous.

8snake species listed
1venomous
48thof 50 states by species count
Junbusiest month, observations
Bitten in North Dakota? Call 911 for a venomous snakebite or any bite with trouble breathing. For advice on any bite or sting, call Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222 (free, 24/7, U.S.-wide). Do not cut the wound, suck out venom or use a tourniquet. General information, not medical advice. Do not handle or try to identify a snake or spider by this page; if unsure, treat it as venomous.

Rattlesnakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the prairie rattlesnake, with 20 records (9% of the state's snake records).

Garter snakes and ribbon snakes in North Dakota

Garter snakes and ribbon snakes dominate the snake record of North Dakota: two species and 51% of all records. The most recorded is the plains garter snake (104), ahead of the common garter snake (6).

Most licensed records of the plains garter snake in North Dakota come from Sheridan County, Ward County and McKenzie County.

Racers, whipsnakes and indigo snakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the eastern racer, with 18 records (8% of the state's snake records).

Gopher snakes, bullsnakes and pine snakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the gopher snake, with 30 records (14% of the state's snake records).

Most licensed records of the gopher snake in North Dakota come from Billings County, McKenzie County and Morton County.

Hognose snakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the plains hog-nosed snake, with 17 records (8% of the state's snake records).

Green snakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the smooth green snake, with 12 records (6% of the state's snake records).

Small woodland and burrowing snakes in North Dakota

One species of this group is listed for North Dakota: the red-bellied snake, with 6 records (3% of the state's snake records).

Where in North Dakota are snakes recorded most?

Billings County leads with 44 records (20%), followed by McKenzie County and Sheridan County; the top five counties hold 50% of the total. 35 of North Dakota's 53 counties have at least one licensed snake record.

#CountyRecordsShare
1Billings County4420.4%
2McKenzie County2813.0%
3Sheridan County136.0%
4Ward County136.0%
5McHenry County94.2%
6Morton County94.2%
7Benson County83.7%
8Bowman County83.7%
9Williams County73.2%
10Bottineau County73.2%
11Pembina County62.8%
12Richland County62.8%
Source: GBIF licensed records by county (GADM level 2), read 2026-09-29. Counties with many records often have active naturalists or a museum nearby.

When do snakes come out in North Dakota?

Observation records of snakes in North Dakota run mostly May through September, peaking in June with 27% of them. December through February together hold under 2% of the records, so snakes in North Dakota are rarely recorded in winter. The sharpest rise comes from April to May.

January: 0 observation records (0%)JanFebruary: 0 observation records (0%)FebMarch: 0 observation records (0%)MarApril: 3 observation records (5%)AprMay: 11 observation records (18%)May18%June: 16 observation records (27%)Jun27%July: 11 observation records (18%)Jul18%August: 11 observation records (18%)Aug18%September: 5 observation records (8%)Sep8%October: 2 observation records (3%)OctNovember: 1 observation record (2%)NovDecember: 0 observation records (0%)Dec
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
0%0%0%5%18%27%18%18%8%3%2%0%

Snakes: North Dakota compared with its neighbors

North Dakota ranks 48th of 50 states by the number of snake species listed; Texas leads with 86 species.

Every state bordering North Dakota lists more snake species (North Dakota: 8 species; South Dakota 16, Minnesota 15, Montana 9).

What snakes are in North Dakota? All 8 species

Ranked by licensed records in North Dakota. Species with a profile page are linked.

#SpeciesFamilyRecordsShare
1Plains garter snake
Thamnophis radix
Colubridae10448.1%
2Gopher snake
Pituophis catenifer
Colubridae3013.9%
3Prairie rattlesnake venomous
Crotalus viridis
Viperidae209.3%
4Eastern racer
Coluber constrictor
Colubridae188.3%
5Plains hog-nosed snake
Heterodon nasicus
Colubridae177.9%
6Smooth green snake
Opheodrys vernalis
Colubridae125.6%
7Common garter snake
Thamnophis sirtalis
Colubridae62.8%
8Red-bellied snake
Storeria occipitomaculata
Colubridae62.8%
Source: GBIF occurrence records (CC0, CC BY) located in North Dakota, read 2026-09-29. Share = part of all licensed snakes records in the state.

Related pages

GBIF records read 2026-09-29. Listed: any license. Counted: CC0/CC BY only. How we count.

About these numbers

A species is listed for a state once GBIF holds at least 10 records of it located inside the state by coordinates, under any license. Every count, share, month and county shown is computed only from records published under CC0 or CC BY, so a listed species can show few or no counted records. Monthly patterns show when people record snakes, which also reflects when people are outdoors. Venomous status follows taxonomy: pit vipers and coral snakes; widow and recluse spiders; the Arizona bark scorpion. Records filed under older names count for the species they belong to today. Full methodology.